There is no single cause for the development of eczema. Each type of eczema has one or more triggers. However, the most common factors include a family history of eczema, stress, and exposure to certain environmental triggers. Eczema is a health problem that can occur at any age. Individuals with allergies, hay fever, and asthma have a higher risk of developing eczema. The causes of eczema can be listed as follows:
* An overactive immune system can lead to excessive dryness and itching of the skin, thereby triggering the development of eczema.
* Genetic changes in a protein called filaggrin, which helps maintain the skin’s moisture, can cause dry and itchy skin. Individuals with a family history of eczema are at higher risk.
* Dry air, prolonged exposure to extreme heat or cold, are among the triggers of eczema.
* Some types of soaps, body and face washes, chemical-laden laundry detergents and softeners, surface cleaners, and disinfectants can cause eczema.
* The use of wool or polyester fabrics in clothing and bed sheets can lead to itching and eczema.
* Food allergies can play a role in the development of severe eczema, especially in young children.
* Exposure to dust mites and other allergens can cause skin reactions.
* Emotional stress can trigger flare-ups of eczema.